|
|
Comparison of selected Czech daily newspapers ahead of the 2023 presidential elections
Nováčková, Michaela ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Lütke Notarp, Ulrike (referee)
The bachelor's thesis focuses on the reporting of five selected newspapers between the first and second round of the direct presidential election in 2023. In the theoretical part, the thesis introduces the reader to scholarly concepts and terms related to normative expectations of a democratic society, such as objectivity, balance, impartiality, and others. In the descriptive part, it describes the Czech media landscape and touches more closely on the topic of media ownership. In the research part, using quantitative and qualitative content analysis, the author works with data collected from the Czech daily newspapers Hospodářské noviny, MF Dnes, Lidové noviny, Právo and Deník N and interprets the results based on four research questions.
|
|
|
Impartiality in the U.S. Supreme Court: Navigating Judicial Values in a Political Arena
Doskočil, Jan ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof Přemysl (referee)
Impartiality is an important theoretical concept that determines the ability of judges to provide both parties of litigation with a fair trial. Despite this, judicial impartiality is relatively unexplored in academic writings. This thesis aims to correct this discrepancy by delving into varying interpretations of impartiality and the occurrence of impartiality debates in the context of the Supreme Court confirmation hearings. The thesis seeks to answer the question of whether impartiality plays an important role in the appointment of new justices and whether impartiality concerns are overshadowed by political concerns. Furthermore, the thesis explores possible avenues for changes that would ameliorate impartiality discussions, both with respect to theoretical interpretations of impartiality and practical reforms of the confirmation process. Through an analysis of recent confirmation hearings, the thesis concludes that while impartiality is important in considerations of judicial candidates, the problem lies in its competing interpretations, which are mostly divided along the lines of partisan affiliation. Moreover, impartiality is at the core of all kinds of judicial philosophy, which complicates its theoretical separation from various schools of legal thought. This interpretational ambiguity,...
|
|
|
Content analysis of Czech Television broadcasting before the Czech Parliamentary Elections 2021
März, Michäel ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of compliance with the principles of objectivity in the broadcasting of Czech Television, namely its news program Události and a series of pre- election debates in the period of one month before the elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic in autumn 2021. The research was carried out using the method of quantitative content analysis, the subject of which was the speeches of representatives of the candidate movements and parties, specifically their frequency and length across the both analyzed programs. The analysis was also interested in the presence of politicians' evaluations in the speeches of members of the Czech Television staff, the valence of the questions asked within the debates, the speeches of external speakers within the Události, but also thematic programs. and the space associated with them, which was provided to the individual candidate subjects in the monitored broadcast sample for expression.
|
|
|
Professional Ethics of Distrainors in the Czech Republic
Šmok, Jan ; Friedel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ondřejková, Jana (referee)
Professional Ethics of Distrainors in the Czech Republic Abstract The aim of this Master degree thesis is the analysis of the current regulation of the professional ethics of distrainors with a focus on the independence and impartiality as these requirements are established in the status and legal regulations. The profession of distrainors has recently been the target of criticism both from the public and from some legislators and the professional public. The Master degree thesis therefore focuses on clarifying the issue of distrainors in a broader context, so that it is clear to the reader what theoretical starting points influence the professional ethics of distrainors. The first part of the thesis is focused on the area of morality, ethics and law. These concepts are interconnected and influence each other. At the same time, they significantly influence almost every member of our society. Based on this work, the reader should be able to distinguish between them, know their differences and mutual interaction. The second part of the thesis is devoted to professional ethics and its starting points, which are subsequently applied in solving various ethical problems that may arise in the performance of the given professions. For an overall understanding of the issue, the concept of profession and the...
|
|
|
Independence and impartiality of the Court of Arbitration for sport in the context of the Pechstein case
Plevková, Tereza ; Štědroň, Bohumír (advisor) ; Exner, Jan (referee)
Title: Independence and impartiality of the Court of Arbitration for sport in the context of the Pechstein case Objectives: The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to identify a structural imbalance in the Court of arbitration for sport and to devise some suggestions for a new reform of CAS. Methods: This thesis used the method of analysis of the secondary data from documents of various formats, specifically different variants of web resources and books. Results: I have found that the Court of arbitration for sport has several structural imbalances in these parts: Independence of ICAS, Independence of individual arbitrators, Information on arbitrators, Publication of CAS awards, Publication of administrative documents and Access to justice. Because of that I proposed eight suggestions, which could eliminate partiality of the CAS. Keywords: independence, impartiality, the Claudia Pechstein case, Court of Arbitration for sport
|
|
|
Constitutional guarantees of Impartiality of Judges and its Social connotations
Žižko, Igor ; Suchánek, Radovan (advisor) ; Janstová, Kateřina (referee)
Modern society is based on respect for the individual and at the same time it has created the institute of justice under which parties, in the interest of maintaining social cohesion, should resolve their disputes using the system of applying rights. The task of the judiciary is therefore to be an impartial arbiter, which is an absolute criterion for the acceptance of authoritativeness of this body, or more precisely the functionality and signification of this institute within the social contract. Only an unbiased judge can be the only guarantee for the nemo iudex in causa sua principles to be observed. The European Convention imposes on the states - members of the Council of Europe such legal conditions which guarantee every country the right for their affairs to be discussed fairly, in public and in a reasonable time limit by an independent and impartial court established by law which will decide about their civil rights and obligations or of any criminal charges raised against them. The Constitutional Order of the Czech Republic guarantees everybody the right to a fair trial conducted in accordance with the law before an impartial judge. Constitutional guarantees of fair legal proceedings before an impartial judge are supplemented with legal rules of the sub constitutional law. Yet, it is the...
|
|
|
The impact of media on judicial determination in cases of traffic crimes
Klouda, Petr ; Urban, Michal (advisor) ; Ondřejková, Jana (referee)
Media influence over court rulings in traffic crime cases The aim of this thesis is to analyze the way media report about traffic crimes and provide a comparison between cases that attracted media attention and cases that didn't. The author investigates the possibility that courts are influenced in thein decision making by the general public, the opinion of which is shaped mostly by mass media outlets which unfortunately often release speculations as proven facts. To demonstrate the possibility of media influence to the reader, the author compares similar cases and shows how different the court ruling was when the case wasn't a subject of attention of mass media. Part of this analysis consists of a letter to the judge who presided over one of such cases, the incident on D1 motorway in 2010. The conclusion is that there's potential for such influence, but it's impossible to be absolutely certain that it already exists. The threat of such influence will, however, grow over time as new technologies are introduced, that make it very easy to spread information and consume it. In a newly forming information society, the ability to influence anything ranging from minor court battles to elections is considerably increased and poses a potential threat to the impartiality of courts, which is vital to a modern...
|
|
|
Analysis of politician's attendance in Otázky Václava Moravce between 2016 and 2018
Jošt, David ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Nečas, Vlastimil (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the spectrum of participants in the Questions of Václav Moravec talk show between the years 2016 and 2018. It investigates its political balance, changes over the monitoring period and the impact the 2017 election had on it. Theoretical part deals with qualitative indicators of bias and circumstances that might affect it. It discusses the alternatives to public media and obligations the Czech Television must meet in its shows as defined by law. Content analysis has been chosen as the research method. In the analytical part of the thesis, participants are coded based on their sex, age, political affiliation and function. Obtained results about the spectrum of participants are then confronted with the CT Code to either confirm or refute its compliance.
|
|
|
The competence of arbitrators for deciding property disputes (from the perspective of their independence and impartiality)
Ryšavý, Lukáš ; Pohl, Tomáš (referee)
The main focus of this doctoral thesis is arbitration; the phenomenon of not only an out- of-court dispute resolution but also international commercial relations. Arbitration is a modern legal institute that is regarded as an equivalent alternative to court proceedings. Independence and impartiality of the arbitrator are very important and at the same time very problematic aspects of arbitration. These two principals accompany the arbitration since the beginning of the modern era of this institution and they are still perceived as essential criteria of the arbitration. Independent and impartial decision-makers are an integral part of the right to a fair trial enshrined in Art. 36 subsection 1 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms and Art. 6 subsection 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights. Although such legislation refers to the court in terms of a state court, in the course of this thesis was demonstrated that these attributes are also applicable to arbitrators, even though they must be interpreted in arbitration proceedings with respect to the characteristics of arbitration. Due to the fact that resolving disputes in this way is the most common approach in international trade, the main focus of this thesis is to depict the issues of independence and impartiality in relation of...
|
|
|
Criminal protection of an unbiased and impartial court
Šafář, Jan ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
Criminal protection of an unbiased and impartial court Abstract This thesis deals with the criminal protection of an unbiased and impartial court. Although the thesis deals mainly with issues in criminal law, I consider it necessary to address the independence and impartiality of the court under constitutional law. I also focus, at least briefly, on guarantees of independence and impartiality in our legal order, and how this intersects with selection of new judges, the financial security of judges, non-depositability and non-translatability of the judge, and so forth. A judge may have two roles in criminal law: a perpetrator and a subject the attack. The first role is the judge who commits the crime in connection with the performance of their office. I analyse the offences of Accepting Bribes, Abuse of Competence of Public Official and Negligent Obstruction of Duty of Public Official. On the other hand, the legislator tries to punish crimes affecting the independence and impartiality of the judiciary when the attack is directed at the judge. There are several crimes, where the judge is the subject of the attack, whether it is Bribery, Indirect Corruption, or Interfering with Independence of Courts, Violence against Public Official etc. However, protection of the judiciary can also be found in other...
|
guest ::
